DMSO is “dimethyl sulfoxide” or “dimethyl sulfoxide,” a water-soluble organic liquid with CH3SOCH3. It comprises sulfur, oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen atoms. In addition, at the upper end of its conformation as a molecule, it has a pair of electrons, giving it its capacity as a solvent for polar substances.
Thus, it can be mixed with organic and inorganic substances. Specifically, it interacts with water, alcohol, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
Additionally, it is valued for its ability to penetrate tissue without causing damage. Hence its use as a vehicle for some drugs to pass through the skin.
What are its benefits? Right now, this chemical is present in prescription drugs and dietary supplements. In the following space, we detail its main applications and possible interactions.
Contents
What are the uses of DMSO?
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is obtained as a by-product during wood processing in manufacturing paper (specifically, from cellulose pulp). As collected in an article published in the American Chemical Society, the substance was discovered at the end of the 19th century by the Russian chemist Alexander Mikhaylovich Zaytsev.
Due to its solvent capacity, it is used for industrial and laboratory purposes. It dissolves paints, hydrocarbons, salts, and natural products. In the late 1960s – details the cited source – scientists observed that they could use this chemical as a vehicle to pass small molecules through the skin.
Since then, the substance has been incorporated into the manufacture of alternative drugs to oral and injectable formulations. For example, it is common in transdermal drugs (patches). It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat interstitial cystitis.
And although it is not a treatment for bladder infection, its application through gel, solutions, or a catheter is associated with improving symptoms. A publication through the Interstitial Cystitis Association compiles the following benefits:
- Decreased irritation and pain in the bladder (acts as an anti-inflammatory).
- Relaxation of the pelvic muscles (has antispasmodic effects).
- Increased bladder capacity as it breaks down scar tissue by preventing collagen formation.
- Decreased levels of substance P in the nerves of the bladder, relieving the organ’s pain and overactivity.
Other possible uses
Beyond being an adjuvant against cystitis, DMSO has other unapproved applications. The American corporation WebMD details that there is little or no evidence to support efficacy against the following conditions:
- Scars.
- general pain
- Headache.
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
- Visual diseases.
Research in Plos One suggests that DMSO may help reduce inflammation and pain. Since it is easily absorbed through the skin, it holds promise as a potential pain reliever. However, more studies are required to corroborate the effect.
On the other hand, some point out that it has antitumor potential. A Journal of Medical Discovery study reported some evidence of these benefits. Despite this, the American Cancer Society disapproves of its use against the disease and argues that insufficient evidence exists.
Risks and Side Effects of DMSO
DMSO should be used under medical supervision, like other complementary treatments and drugs. Its misuse can lead to unwanted reactions.
In general, some reported side effects are as follows:
- Diarrhea.
- Rough skin.
- Headache.
- Bad taste in the mouth.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Stomach ache.
- Fever and chills.
- Itching and rash.
- Altered heart rhythm.
Among other things, it should not be ignored that there is a risk of interactions with various medications. According to an investigation published in the Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, its simultaneous application with sedatives, anticoagulants, and steroids should be avoided.
Other contraindications are the following:
- Diabetes.
- Pregnancy and lactation.
- Blood disorders.
- Kidney diseases.
- Liver disorders.
Presentations and dosage
DMSO administration is done topically through gels or solutions. It is also possible that it is applied using a catheter for washing the bladder in cases of interstitial cystitis. A doctor should determine the dose.
What is there to remember about DMSO?
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) is a chemical used in drugs and supplements to relieve pain and inflammation. The FDA approves its use against the symptoms of interstitial cystitis. And although it is associated with other benefits against inflammatory diseases and cancer, more evidence is required.