The lumps on the head are small masses of variable consistency and size that usually appear progressively. Similarly, palpating a volume increase in this area does not always indicate a malignant process. Here we tell you six possible causes of a lump on the head.
The human head is covered by several layers in which various types of glands, blood vessels, and nerve pathways are found. Similarly, it is protected by the cranial bones that surround the brain structures.
Other symptoms do not usually accompany the presence of a lump on the head, so in some people, they go unnoticed for a long time. However, it is possible to present discomfort when touching the scalp. Early assessment by a professional is vital, given the persistence of the lesion.
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Common causes of a lump on the head
People are often alarmed when they feel a bump on the skull’s skin. However, these lesions are not usually dangerous; many disappear quickly with treatment.
1. Head trauma
Direct blows to the head usually result in the appearance of a lump of variable size. In general, the increase in volume on the scalp is inflammatory. In this sense, the affected person may present pain at the site of the trauma, headache, and redness in the area.
Similarly, high-intensity blows to the head are associated with larger swellings and bleeding. Studies affirm that in mild head trauma, it is common to show a subgaleal hematoma without a skull fracture. This is nothing more than a collection of blood between the scalp and the bones of the head.
Lumps from mild to moderate blows usually disappear independently after a few days. However, it is advisable to use cold compresses and analgesic medications to alleviate the symptoms.2. Seborrheic dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis is a condition characterized by excessive sebum production by skin glands. This is one of the most common causes of a lump on the head and is often accompanied by whitish scabs and dandruff. Also, some people may experience itchiness and redness.
Research indicates that the most affected site is the scalp due to many sebaceous glands. However, it can also affect the eyebrows, nose, chest, and eyelids. The area around the lump is usually soft and tender.
The diagnosis of seborrheic dermatitis is made by a doctor specializing in dermatology. For its part, treatment usually includes the use of keratolytic and antifungal-based shampoos, as well as topical corticosteroids.
3. Lipomas and sebaceous cysts
A lipoma is a small benign fatty tumor that forms between the skin and underlying muscle tissue. Its appearance on the back of the head, the extremities, and the thorax are joint. This lesion can be painless or accompanied by discomfort, indicating the need for surgical removal.
On the other hand, sebaceous cysts appear as a lump on the head that contains fatty fluid, the product of the obstruction of a follicular duct, for various reasons. These can be annoying when brushing the hair, and the presence of pain usually indicates the infection of the cyst.
4. Folliculitis
Folliculitis is inflammation of the hair follicles found in the skin. In general, this condition is rare at the scalp level and is usually associated with infection of the follicle by bacteria or fungi. It can present with purulent discharge.
Similarly, the affected person may have itching and sensitivity in the area. Usually, these lumps disappear quickly when the therapeutic plan is established. Folliculitis treatment includes antifungals and antibiotics.
5. Allergic reaction
Allergic skin reactions are often present in the form of hives. The appearance of red spots, bumps, wheels, and intense itching characterizes this. In this sense, allergy to hair products is one of the frequent causes of a lump on the head.
Treatment is aimed at reducing the excessive reaction of the immune system and alleviating the symptoms. It includes using antiallergic drugs, such as loratadine or corticosteroids.
6. Skin cancer
Skin cancer is one of the causes of lumping the head. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of tumor lesions on the skin surface. This type of neoplasm is a painless, pearly lump accompanied by dark, raised-edged spots.
In this sense, it is advisable to seek medical attention if a lump appears on the scalp with spots around it. The diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma is usually made by biopsy. Treatment is generally surgical.
When to seek medical attention for a lump in the head?
The causes of a lump in the head can vary; in most cases, they are of benign etiology. However, it is advisable to see a specialist doctor if there are changes in the lesion. Such is the subject of an increase in size, changes in color, appearance of new lesions, purulent discharge, or bleeding.
Health professionals are the only ones trained to identify the cause of the lump and indicate the best behavior to follow. Timely treatment is the key to ensuring an excellent long-term prognosis.